King william of orange biography of mahatma

It was the start of the "Glorious Revolution", and much of James' army switched allegiance to him. Even James' younger daughter Anne came out in support of William and Mary. Indeed, much of William's early attention was given over to putting down the rebellion in Ireland, which took until to suppress. He also found himself embroiled in conflicts with France on the Continent, where he remained Prince of Orange.

Here he badly lost the Battle of Landen in William was not however, totally excluded from domestic issues: it is quite likely that he personally approved the plan to massacre the MacDonalds in Glen Coe on 13 February It was his 27th birthday. James was a convert to Catholicism and had married a Catholic princess from Italy. Protestants worried that any son born to the couple would eventually become a Catholic king.

William had his own reasons for marrying Mary. He hoped their union would cement an Anglo-Dutch alliance against Louis XIV and bring another important ally into his struggle with the French king.

King william of orange biography of mahatma

These lessons instructed him as to the destiny he must fulfil as part of Divine Providence. William had been born into royalty and had a role to fulfil. When William was only ten years old, his mother died of smallpox whilst visiting her brother in England. This proved to be a contentious issue as his general education and upbringing was brought into question by those who supported the dynasty and others in the Netherlands who supported a more republican system.

For the young William back in the Netherlands, he was learning to be an astute autocrat, entitled to rule. His roles were two-fold; leader of the House of Orange and stadtholder, a Dutch word referring to the head of state of the Dutch Republic. In this treaty Oliver Cromwell demanded the Act of Seclusion be passed, forbidding Holland to appoint a member of the royal House of Orange to the role of stadtholder.

However, the impact of the English restoration meant that the act was voided, allowing William to attempt to once again assume the role. An Anglo-Dutch defensive alliance followed in March , although English troops did not arrive in significant numbers until late May. Louis seized this opportunity to improve his negotiating position and captured Ypres and Ghent in early March, before signing a peace treaty with the Dutch on 10 August.

Luxembourg withdrew and William thus ensured Mons would remain in Spanish hands. On 19 August, Spain and France agreed an armistice, followed by a formal peace treaty on 17 September. This had not been enough to keep France from making conquests in the Spanish Netherlands, which William and the regents blamed mainly on the Spaniards; the Dutch expected the once powerful Spanish Empire to have more military strength.

Mary was eleven years his junior and he anticipated resistance to a Stuart match from the Amsterdam merchants who had disliked his mother another Mary Stuart , but William believed that marrying Mary would increase his chances of succeeding to Charles's kingdoms, and would draw England's monarch away from his pro-French policies. After a further illness later in , she never conceived again.

During the crisis concerning the Exclusion Bill in , Charles at first invited William to come to England to bolster the king's position against the exclusionists, then withdrew his invitation—after which Lord Sunderland also tried unsuccessfully to bring William over, but now to put pressure on Charles.